"Allegory of the Cave"
Imagine men in a remains underground ... Everyone is potentially in a position involving lifestyle, beliefs, convictions, certainties, ways of thinking, to represent the world, to design what is true and false, and combining a priori prejudice, hasty deductions.
In the cave, humans are chained so they "can see before them." Their light comes from behind them, a fire ignited on a hillside. External light passes through an opening in the cave, so that the body of each prisoner casts its shadow on the walls. The sequences represent the beliefs, convictions, beliefs, prejudices and other a priori. The difficulty in breaking the chains to discard the image of what they represent and through the ages in the concerns of philosophers. Consider now
(...) that separates one of these prisoners, he was forced to stand up ... suddenly faced with a sudden change, embodied in a new situation or a painful new idea calls into Because the old prejudices. He will suffer glare and prevent him from seeing objects that earlier he saw shadows.
* The message is certainly the strongest to take no for real data from our senses and prejudice formed by habit. Plato emphasizes the difficulty of men to change their conceptions of things, their resistance to change, the influence of ideas.
* A key to understanding the allegory is given by Socrates himself in Book VII of The Republic: "[...] the rise since the underground cave until around the sun, and once arrived there, this gaze direction toward the divine appearances [...] that's what this whole business of the arts that we presented has the power to achieve. "(532c) It is therefore to move from opinion (by the senses and prejudice) to the knowledge of intelligible reality, the Ideas.
* The philosopher escapes from the cave through the exercise of dialectic, without the support of any sensory perception (532a). As his eyes become accustomed to the bright world of ideas, it reaches the end of the intelligible (532B).
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